Vol. 24 No. 1 (2021)
Articles

The Brief Resilience Scale (Brs) in Bulgarian: Assessing The Ability to Bounce Back From Adverse Events

Published 05/03/2022

Keywords

  • resilience,
  • Brief Resilience Scale,
  • factor analysis,
  • internal consistency

How to Cite

KAREVA, R. (2022). The Brief Resilience Scale (Brs) in Bulgarian: Assessing The Ability to Bounce Back From Adverse Events. Psychological Research (in the Balkans), 24(1). Retrieved from https://journalofpsychology.org/index.php/1/article/view/16

Abstract

This article evaluates the psychometric properties of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) in Bulgar ian. BRS is 6-item self-report scale used for assessing resilience (Smith, Dalen, Wiggins, Tooley, Christopher & Bernard 2008). The ‘resilience’ construct is seen as ‘ability to bounce back’ from adverse events. The study with 413 respondents in two samples is conducted and exploratory factor analysis revealed the evidences of single-factor structure in both samples. The internal consistency of the scale in two samples is satisfactory (Cronbach’s alpha: α=.856 and α=.865).

References

  1. Zsheliaskova-Koynova, Z., Tz. Misheva- Aleksova & L. Chervenkova. (2010). Bul­ garian adaptation of ЕR89 scale for measuring (Block & Kremen, 1996). Psychological Re­ search, 2, 165 – 176. (In Bulgarian).
  2. Karastoyanov, G. & A. Rusinova-Hristova. (2000). Bulgarian Adaptation of the Perceived Stress Scale. Psychological Research, 1-2, 67 – 77. (In Bulgarian).
  3. Karastoyanov, G. (2018). Individual Differ­ ences in Decision Making. Sofia: Iztok-Zapad. (In Bulgarian).
  4. Marinov, I. (2019). Mental syndromes in mili­tary conflicts and resilience in army environ­ment. Sofia: Military Medical Academy. ISBN 978-619-7196-43-6. (In Bulgarian).
  5. Popov, V., E. Psederska, E. Peneva, K. Bozgu- nov, G. Vasilev, D. Nedelchev & J. Vassileva. (2016). Psychometric Characteristics of the Bul­ garian Version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Psychological Research, 19(2), 25 – 42. (In Bulgarian).
  6. Radoslavova, М. & А. Velichkov. (2005). Methods for Psychodiagnostics. Sofia: Pandora Prim, ISBN 954-634-007-3. (In Bulgarian).
  7. Rankova, M., T. Atanasova & I. Harlakova. (1990). English-Bulgarian Dictionary, Vol. ІІ. Sofia: Nauka i izkustvo.
  8. Rusinova-Hristova, А. & G. Karastoyanov. (2000). Carl Jung’s Psychological Types and Stress. Sofia: Propeler. (In Bulgarian).
  9. Bagby, R. M., J. D. Parker & G. J. Taylor. (1994). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia scale – I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, January 1994, 38(1), 23 – 32.
  10. Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma and hu­ man resilience: have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aver­ sive events? American Psychologist, 50(1), 20 – 28.
  11. Block, J. H. & A. M. Kremen. (1996). IQ and ego-resiliency: Conceptual and empiri­cal connections and separateness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol. 70(2), 349 – 361.
  12. Block, J. (2002). Personality as an Affect-Pro­ cessing System: Toward an Integrative Theory. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  13. Carver, Ch., M. Scheier & J. Weintraub. (1989). Assessing coping strategies: A theo­ retically based approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 56(2), Feb 1989, pp. 267 – 283.
  14. Cohen, S., T. Kamarck & R. Mermelstein. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24, 385 – 396.
  15. Epstein, S. & P. Meier. (1989). Constructive thinking: A broad coping variable with specific components. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(2), 332–350
  16. Hornby, A. S., A. P. Cowie & A. C. Gimson. (1989). Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English. Oxford University Press.
  17. Garmezy, N. (1971). Vulnerability research and the issue of primary prevention. American Jour­nal of Orthopsychiatry, 41, 101 – 116.
  18. Garmezy, N. & S. Streitman. (1974). Chil­ dren at Risk: The Search for the Antecedents of Schizophrenia. Part I. Conceptual Models and Research Methods. Schizophrenia Bulletin, Vol. 1(8), 14 – 90.
  19. Greve, W., & U. M. Staudinger. (2006). Resil­ ience in later adulthood and old age: Resources and potentials for successful aging. // D. Cicchetti & A. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental Psy­ chopathology, 2nd ed., 796 – 840.
  20. Kaplan, H. B. (1999). Toward an understanding of resilience: A critical review of definitions and models. // M. D. Glantz & J. L. Johnson (Eds.), Resilience and development. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum, 17 – 83.
  21. Klohnen, E. C. (1996). Conceptual analysis and measurement of the construct of ego-resiliency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(5), 1067 – 1079.
  22. Luthar, S., D. Cicchetti & B. Becker. (2000). The Construct of Resilience: A Critical Evalua­tion and Guidelines for Future Work. Child De­ velopment, Vol. 71(3), 543 – 562.
  23. Psederska, E., G. Vasilev, B. DeAngelis, K. Bozgunov, D. Nedelchev, J. Vassileva & M. al’Absi. (2021). Resilience, mood, and mental health outcomes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria. // https:// www.researchgate.net/publication/348550537.
  24. Rutter, M. (2006). Implications of resilience concepts for scientific understanding. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1094(1), 1 – 12.
  25. Smith, B. W., J. Dalen, K. Wiggins, E. Tooley,
  26. P. Christopher & J. Bernard. (2008). The Brief Resilience Scale: Assessing the Ability to Bounce Back. International Journal of Behavio­ral Medicine, 15, 194 – 200.